How do bridges function in network communication?

Bridges function by connecting two or more network segments and are essential in managing traffic between these segments. They operate at the data link layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, which allows them to filter traffic based on MAC (Media Access Control) addresses. This means that bridges examine incoming data frames and only forward those frames that are intended for devices on the opposite network side. By doing so, they help to reduce network congestion and improve overall performance, as they limit unnecessary traffic on each segment.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of a bridge. While signaling and communication may involve several technologies, bridges specifically deal with the selective forwarding of data based on its intended recipient within a network, rather than amplifying signals or connecting devices wirelessly.