What does blue biotechnology primarily refer to?

Blue biotechnology primarily refers to marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology. This area focuses on using aquatic organisms and ecosystems to develop products and processes that benefit humans and the environment. This can include the use of marine organisms for pharmaceuticals, developing sustainable aquaculture practices, or utilizing aquatic resources for biofuels and bioplastics.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of blue biotechnology. Applications related to land use pertain more to terrestrial biotechnology, while agriculture-focused biotechnology typically falls under green biotechnology. Gene editing specifically for animal production would be categorized under animal biotechnology, which does not encompass the aquatic aspects that define blue biotechnology.